Moroccan Journal of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences

Vol. 12 No. 4 (2024): (December 2024)
Animal Production and Health

Evaluation of the acaricidal activity of the essential oil extracted from the whole plant of Aeollanthus pubescens on the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus

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  • Philippe SESSOU,
  • Eric YESSINOU,
  • Mahudro YOVO,
  • Gildas GNANCADJA,
  • Franck MICHELS,
  • Marie-Laure FAUCONNIER
Philippe SESSOU Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Transmissibles, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin
Eric YESSINOU Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Transmissibles, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin
Mahudro YOVO Laboratoire d’Étude et de Recherche en Chimie Appliquée, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin
Gildas GNANCADJA Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Transmissibles, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin
Franck MICHELS Laboratoire de Chimie des Molécules Naturelles, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgique
Marie-Laure FAUCONNIER Laboratoire de Chimie des Molécules Naturelles, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgique

Published 2024-11-21

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Abstract

Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick infestation in dogs causes many diseases, affecting their welfare. Synthetic acaricides, although commonly used, are becoming less effective due to increasing resistance of ticks. To find an alternative, we studied the effect of the essential oil extracted from the whole plant of Aeollanthus pubescens. The chemical composition of this oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Ticks collected from dogs were used to produce larvae, and dip tests were performed to evaluate the acaricidal activity of the essential oil. Larvae and engorged females were exposed to concentrations of 0.0312 to 2 mg/ml. The results showed that the essential oil mainly contained thymol (58.0%), thymol acetate (17.9%), α-terpinene (9.75%) and γ-terpinene (8.97%). At 2 mg/ml, mortality was 81% for larvae and 69% for engorged females, with 100% inhibition of egg laying. The oil was particularly effective at concentrations of 1.5–2 mg/ml. These results offer new hope for the control of tick infestations and warrant further research on Aeollanthus pubescens oil in Benin.

Keywords: Aeollanthus pubescens, Tick, Essential oil, Rhipicephalus sanguineus

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References